Module 04

 Module 04: Types of Sentences

 Posted by: Angelita P. Oblianda

 Sources: Interactive Technical Writing by P.C. Villamarzo, et.al

               Advance Grammar and Composition c/o Prof. Esagre
               http://www.learnamericanenglishonline.com/

               http://www.learnamericanenglishonline.com/

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   Introduction

        The sentence is a grammatically complete and independent utterances containing a subject and a predicate and it generates meaning.

           In dialogue prose, however, we have sentences, which are not grammatically complete, but they communicate a clear idea. The meaning is conveyed by context, by tones of boys, by facial expression and by gestures.

             Sentences are classified according to the number of their clauses and to their relationship to other clauses. they are the simple sentence, the compound sentence, the complex sentence and the compound-complex sentence.

1. SIMPLE

          A simple sentence contains only one subject and predicate and expresses only one thought. It may also have a compound subject and a compound predicate.There is only one independent clause. There may be one or more topics in the independent clause.

       Examples:

          a. The girls danced.

          b. The boys and girls danced.

          c. The girls talked and danced.

          d. The boys and girls talked and danced.

2. COMPOUND SENTENCE

          A compound sentence, contains two or more independent clauses which are related to each other in some form such as addition of ideas, contrast of ideas, and choice of ideas. Each clause is independent of each other.These may be joined by COORDINATING conjunctions like AND, BUT, OR,NOR, FOR, SO, and YET (fanboys). A semi-colon may also join the independent clause.

     Examples:

          a. Retinol is found in liver, fortified cereals, and energy bars; multivitamins can contain more than twice the current recommended daily amount of 700 micrograms.

          b. Multivitamins are good for the body, but they should be taken in moderation.

          c. I knew the arsonist; I saw him burn the building.

          d. My sister went on a strict diet but he lost only a pound.

3. COMPLEX SENTENCE

          A complex sentence contains one independent clause and one or more dependent clauses. The dependent clauses may be an adjective, an adverb or a noun. These are joined by subordinating conjunctions such as because, since, for, although, even though, though, unless, until, inasmuch as, if, so that, and while.

            Examples:

          a. In animal studies, the form of vitamin A called retinol, can slow bone growth, so, researchers at Harvard Medical School decided to check dietary levels of the vitamin in72,337 woman in the Nurses' Health Study.  

           b. Since the bone converts beta carotene to A when supplies run low, you are less likely to accidentally overdo it.

            c. After I came home, I made a dinner.

            d. We visited the museum before it closed.

4. COMPOUND-COMPLEX SENTENCE

              A compound-complex sentence, contains two or more independent clauses and one dependent clause. The independent clauses are joined by coordinating conjunction, or by a semi-colon alone. The dependent clause modifies a word in one of the main clauses or acts as a noun within one of them.

            Examples:

            a. We went to Legaspi and we saw Mayon Volcano that has attracted tourists over the world.

            b. Since it was raining violently, we decided to stay home; Lucy studied her lessons and I worked
                on my term paper.

            c. Although I like to go camping, I haven't had the time to go lately , and I haven't found anyone to go
                with.

            d. We decided that the movie was too violent, but our children, who like to watch scary movies,
                thought that we were wrong.

Evaluation:

       Write Five (5) sample sentences for simple, compound, complex, and compound-complex sentences in a one whole sheet of paper.